The mobile phone is the technological success story of the late 20th and early 21st centuries and its future progression appears just as assured and exciting.
Mobile phones first came to prominence in the late 1970s with the so-called First Generation (1G) mobile phones. These 1G phones were extremely large and bulky with a large battery that had a very limited charge.
The Second Generation (2G) mobile phones launched in the early 1990s made use of digital transmission and gradually started to grow smaller in size owing, among other developments, to efficiencies in battery size and electronic components.
These 2G phones also made texting possible for the first time via their SMS (Short Message Service) facility, as well as downloadable ringtones, some tentative stabs at internet coverage, and other data transmissions.
Third Generation (3G) mobile phones then provided much faster and more sophisticated data transmissions including MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service).
At the same time, smartphones began to appear. These devices provided internet access and sophisticated gaming applications. An early example in 2000 was the Ericsson R380 which included a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) screen to help the user manage the information on the smartphone. This was followed in 2002 by the Blackberry, a sophisticated personal organiser with email facility. By 2007 the iPhone appeared and included a camera, a music storage facility, and many other applications (or ‘apps’).
Advances in technology coupled with the public’s strong appetite for more sophisticated models have led to a situation where devices now become quickly outdated and are seen as needing to be replaced long before their technical life has ended.
On the horizon within the next five years are fourth generation (4G) mobile phones. These are expected to facilitate the reception of TV channels, including HDTV stations. At the same time smartphones are likely to become more like mini laptop computers incorporating more sophisticated apps such as Photoshop.





